The Nullish Coalescing Operator (??)

The ?? operator returns the first argument if it is not nullish (i.e., not null or undefined); otherwise, it returns the second argument.

Example

let name = null;
let text = “missing”;
let result = name ?? text;

The nullish operator has been supported in all browsers since March 2020.

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The Optional Chaining Operator (?.)

The ?. operator returns undefined if an object is null or undefined, rather than throwing an error.

Example

// Create an object:
const car = {type:“Fiat”, model:“500”, color:“white”};
// Ask for car name:
document.getElementById(“demo”).innerHTML = car?.name;

The optional chaining operator has been supported in all browsers since March 2020.

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