HTML Uniform Resource Locators

A URL may consist of either words (such as w3schools.com) or an Internet Protocol (IP) address (for example, 192.68.20.50).

When browsing the web, individuals typically input the name since names are simpler to recall than numbers.

URL – Uniform Resource Locator

Web browsers request pages from web servers by employing a URL.

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) serves as the means to locate a document or other data on the web.

A web address, such as https://www.code7school.com/html/default.asp, adheres to these syntax guidelines:

Description:

• Scheme: Specifies the type of Internet service (commonly http or https).
• Prefix: Determines the domain prefix (with www being the default for http).
• Domain: Specifies the Internet domain name (e.g., w3schools.com).
• Port: Indicates the port number at the host (with 80 being the default for http).
• Path: Specifies a path at the server (If not specified: defaults to the root directory of the site).
• Filename: Determines the name of a document or resource.

Common URL Schemes

Below is a table enumerating some frequently used schemes:

URL Encoding

URLs can solely traverse the Internet utilizing the ASCII character-set. When a URL incorporates characters beyond the ASCII set, conversion becomes necessary.

URL encoding transforms non-ASCII characters into a format compatible with Internet transmission.

In URL encoding, non-ASCII characters are substituted with a “%” followed by hexadecimal digits.

Spaces are not permissible within URLs. Typically, URL encoding replaces a space with a plus (+) sign or %20.

Try It Yourself

When you click “Submit,” the browser will encode the input into a URL format before sending it to the server.

A page on the server will then exhibit the received input.

Feel free to experiment with different input and click Submit again.

ASCII Encoding Examples

Your browser will encode input based on the character-set employed in your page.

The default character set in HTML5 is UTF-8.